Grammar

Proofreading

Proofreading is the final stage of the writing process, focusing on catching surface-level errors in spelling, grammar, punctuation, and formatting.

Proofreading vs. Revision

RevisionProofreading
Done early and oftenDone last
Focuses on content and structureFocuses on surface errors
May involve major changesMinor corrections only

What to Check

  • Spelling — especially commonly confused words
  • Grammar — subject-verb agreement, tense consistency
  • Punctuation — commas, apostrophes, quotation marks
  • Formatting — margins, font, spacing, citations
  • Typos — missing or repeated words

Proofreading Strategies

  • Read slowly — or read aloud
  • Read backwards — start from the end to focus on words, not meaning
  • Use a pointer — finger or pen to track each word
  • Change the format — print it out or change the font
  • Take breaks — fresh eyes catch more errors

Common Errors to Watch

  • Their/there/they're
  • Its/it's
  • Your/you're
  • Affect/effect
  • Missing words
  • Double words

Proofread when you're alert, not tired. Your brain will autocorrect errors if you're rushing.

Quick Tip

Read your paper aloud slowly. Your ear will catch errors your eyes miss.