Citation

Citation

A citation is a reference to a source used in your writing. It gives credit to original authors, allows readers to verify claims, and demonstrates research depth.

When to Cite

  • Quote directly from a source
  • Paraphrase someone else's ideas
  • Summarize research or findings
  • Use statistics or data
  • Reference specific facts that aren't common knowledge

Major Citation Styles

StyleUsed In
MLALiterature, humanities, arts
APAPsychology, social sciences, education
ChicagoHistory, some humanities

In-Text Examples

MLA: "Social media affects teenagers" (Smith 45).

APA: "Social media affects teenagers" (Smith, 2020, p. 45).

Chicago: Social media affects teenagers.¹

When in doubt, cite. It's better to over-cite than to risk plagiarism.

Quick Tips

  • Cite as you write, not after
  • Keep track of all your sources
  • Use citation management tools (Zotero, EasyBib)
  • Follow your instructor's preferred style
  • Always verify generated citations against official guidelines